28^th World Congress on Psychiatry, Psychological Syndromes and Therapeutics May 21-22, 2018 New York City, New York, USA

Biography:

Gregory P Brown is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and the Residency Training Director at the University of Nevada School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Las Vegas branch. He completed a BA in Psychology from Oberlin College followed by an MD degree from the University of Arkansas. He completed his Psychiatry Residency at Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia, and a Forensic Psychiatry Fellowship at the University of Rochester. He is Board Certified in both Psychiatry and Forensic Psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. His interests range from psychotherapy to hypnosis to medico-legal matters. He helped to found the Psychiatry Residency in Las Vegas and has been Program Director since its inception. He is the author of the Amazon best-selling book: “New Mind New Body: The Inner Makeover for a New You”.

Abstract:

The long term medical and psychiatric effects of excess weight shorten life expectancy significantly, yet the typical medical model has been less than successful in providing solutions to what is typically considered a “lifestyle” problem. Much current research supports the notion that nearly 90% of weight loss attempts fail, but not only fail, actually cause harm due to weight gains that follow when the diet ends. However, longitudinal findings from large databases, such as The National Weight Control Registry, demonstrate that long term weight loss is possible in significant groups of people. That data set, which continues to grow, suggests that particular behaviors highly correlate with weight loss success long term. A brief mention at the end of most books on diet is the need to move mindset from a diet to a lifestyle, but none of those same books tend to describe how to accomplish this change in worldview and experience. The simple repetition of a new diet does not typically establish a diet into a lifestyle, because such common experiences as cravings rapidly degrade the newer healthy habits. As mental health professionals, we have a unique information set that can support this transition from diet to lifestyle for patients who have interest. By attending this talk, you will learn to assess and improve motivation for success, learn to directly deal with the feelings of deprivation, and help patients achieve internal congruence. This is the path of transforming a diet into a longstanding lifestyle.

Biography:

Omar Mirza is a board certified Consultation Liaison Psychiatrist and Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai Hospital Icahn School of Medicine in New York City. He completed his Psychiatry Residency training at SUNY Downstate and a fellowship in Psychosomatic Medicine at St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center. He has specific interest in liaison and works in such capacity with the Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute. His career’s emphasis is on exploring ethics in psychiatry.

Abstract:

Estimates place the prevalence of incapacity among inpatients to range from an astounding 26.7-40% of patients. A review of capacity determinations across clinicians found poor consistency within and across psychiatric specialties. This disturbing lack of consistency poses a significant risk for violation of the ethical principle of patient autonomy. As far back as Hippocrates, any potential risk to autonomy has traditionally been dismissed in paternalistic favor of beneficence. This balance between the perceived conflict of patient autonomy and beneficence is shifting as society demands more of its institutions to uphold democratic ideals of informed consent and individual liberty. Thus, it is imperative to revisit the approach to capacity determination, in which much has been written about the procedure, but little about appropriateness and outcomes. This presentation reviews evolving ethical, legal, and medical concepts to provide an integrated foundation for a novel approach to capacity. Introducing the concept of a “preservative deferral”, the clinician will consider deferral of the formal challenge on the basis of assessments of thoroughness of disclosure, appropriateness of alternatives, attempts at collaboration, and practicality of challenging decision-making capacity to achieving goals. Through implementing this prior to the capacity challenge, the clinician may assist the patient and medical team in a supportive decision-making model conserving autonomy rather than propagate the traditional adversarial model of beneficence vs. autonomy.

Biography:

Jerry Sparby served over 40 years as a Public School Teacher, Principal and University Professor in Minnesota. He is the Executive Director/Therapist for the ‘YES Network/Building a World of Love’ based in MN. He has done his graduate and undergraduate work at Universities in Minnesota and his Counseling degree in Adler Graduate School in Minneapolis, MN. He works directly with intense kids, depression and suicide, veterans/police (their families) diagnosed with PTSD and coaching their parents on strategies to be more successful in dealing trauma and stresses with their children. He has joined the staff at Optimal Wellness Clinic and Center for New Medicine in Los Angeles, CA in 2012.

Abstract:

Children pass through certain developmental periods on their journey from being an infant to a young adult. During these stages, huge changes physically and neurologically occur within their brains. However, certain environmental circumstances and interaction with individuals in that environment have a deep influence on how each child benefits from each developmental event. This presentation will help professionals understand there are so many factors/experiences impacting our children’s emotional being, from car seats to day-care policies. How do parents/individuals address these developmental issues? Our nonprofit ‘Yes Network/Building a World of Love’ has been working and playing with kids in their neighborhoods for the past 4 years. We have also worked alongside parents and others in the neighborhoods to develop and reshape spaces to play. The staff has been determined to build a strong community and have kids playing outside during the days in their neighborhoods. We have learned that it is not just poverty but a number of contributing factors (chronic stress, inter-generational trauma, and patterns, etc.) causing kids to not be successful, have a bad attitude and not achieve academic success. Participants will learn about our experience, research, outcomes, and what we have learned about intergenerational trauma, chronic stress, and other strategies parents are using and its impact on child development. Kids’ IQ’s continue to rise, along with chatter in their heads, social anxiety, anger and other emotional issues. Research is saying 20% of kids are Hyper-sensitive/ another 20% Highly Sensitive. Presentation will review impact of car seats, classroom management, daycare procedures, Inter-generational Trauma and other societal impacts on mental illness.

Biography:

Shahrokh Makvnd Hosseini is an expert Psychotherapist and university Associate Professor of Psychology with more than 15 years of experience in teaching and psychotherapy of patients. He has several published books and articles in the field of Mental Health and is Head of Psychological Disorders, Health Center in Semnan City. He is also Chief Editor of Journal of Clinical Psychology and his previous positions have been: Dean of Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Education and Higher Education Administration, Member of the Board of University and Head of University Counseling Center etc.

Abstract:

Objective: Complementary therapies such as psycho-education have been much considered by therapy society of bipolar patients. This study aims to investigate the effects of complementary therapies of individual and family psychoeducation besides drug adherence of the bipolar I patients in improvement of two crucial biomarkers of Lithium and Bilirubin.Method: After checking the inclusion- exclusion criteria, a sample of 66 patients with bipolar disorder I were purposively selected and randomly divided into three groups: individual psycho- education, family psycho-education and control group (isolated medication therapy). Lithium and Bilirubin serum levels were then measured using the Pars Azmoon laboratory kits in pretest, posttest and follow-up stages.Findings: Data were extracted using the laboratory tests and analyzed by a GLM: Multivariate Analysis of Covariance. Results were shown a significant difference in the Lithium level for the research groups. Family psychoeducation subjects with drug adherence in the posttest and follow up stages were showed significantly higher average compared to control group in terms of Lithium serum level, whereas no significant effect was observed for individual psychoeducation. No significant effects were also found for bilirubin serum level.Conclusion: The family psychoeducation beside psychiatric treatment of bipolar I patients could effectively increase the Lithium serum level and is then recommended to clinicians in the treatment of these patients.

Biography:

Soumen Acharya is working as Consultant at National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development New Delhi, India. Previously, he worked as Supervising Officer at All India Institute of Medical Science for 21 years’ and also worked in New Zealand. He published so many papers in a leading journal. He is the Life Member of organizations like: Social Psychiatry in India and Fellow of Social Psychiatry of India.

Abstract:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore female adolescents' knowledge about osteoporosis risk factors and the role of dietary calcium and exercise in the prevention of osteoporosis. Female athlete triad is a serious health problem that involves disordered eating, low bone mass, and amenorrhea (cessation of the menstrual cycle) in female athletes. The condition is most common in sports that emphasize leanness, such as cross country running, gymnastics, and figure skating. In the past 25 years, much has been learned about symptoms, risk factors, causes, and treatment strategies for Female Athlete Triad. Studies involving different types of athletes have provided valuable information that has helped many physically active women avoid the health problems of this condition new model of Female Athlete Triad highlights is that many athletes may not present with the extreme ends of the continuum, but rather may display intermediate, or “subclinical,” presentations of one or more of the conditions, and, most importantly, that progression along the three continuums can occur at different rates. For example, an athlete may show signs of restrictive eating, but not meet the clinical criteria for an eating disorder. She may also display subtle menstrual disturbances, such as a change in menstrual cycle length, an ovulation, or luteal phase defects, but not yet have developed amenorrhea. Likewise, she may be losing bone, but may not yet have dropped below her age-matched normal range for bone density. While the conditions represented by each continuum can occur independent of the other two conditions, it is more likely that, because of the clear associations between the three conditions, it is likely that an athlete suffering from one element of Triad is also suffering from the others.Method: A descriptive survey design was used in this research.Sample: A convenience sample of 107 adolescent girls who attended anganwadi in New Delhi participated in this study.Results: Out of 17 questions related to knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors, only 3 of the factors that are most well-known to the public (being a woman, having low intake of dairy products, and a lack of adequate exercise) were correctly identified by a majority of the participants. Knowledge of dietary sources of calcium was primarily limited to dairy products. Participants knew that regular exercise was necessary to prevent osteoporosis, but few could identify the weight-bearing exercises most beneficial for promoting bone health.Conclusions: The knowledge of these adolescents, who are in a crucial period of their lives for accruing bone mineral, had limited knowledge of the risk factors for osteoporosis, calcium-rich foods and dietary calcium requirements, and the type of exercise needed to maximize their bone mineral density. Social worker can work with children, adolescents, their families, and other professionals in interventions to prevent osteoporosis in later years.

Biography:

Wojciech Lukasz Dragan has completed his PhD from the University of Warsaw. He is the current Director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Behavioral Genetics Research and the former Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Warsaw. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals. Currently, he serves as a Fulbright Fellow at Indiana University – Bloomington.

Abstract:

Temperamental traits are considered as essential predictors of many mental health problems, including addictive behaviors. Our previous analyses revealed that metacognitive beliefs might play an essential role in mediating the temperament – mental health issues. The current study aimed to identify potential associations between temperamental traits, problematic online gaming, and metacognitive beliefs. The studied sample included 902 participants (289 women) aged 16-60 (M=25.6; SD=9.76). The survey was administered using the online version of the formal characteristics of behavior – temperament inventory, the problematic online gaming questionnaire and the metacognition questionnaire. The most significant relations between problematic online gaming and temperament were revealed for emotional reactivity (r=0.34) and endurance (-0.28). Additional analyses showed that metacognition is the significant mediator of the relation between temperament and problematic online gaming. Our results strengthen the previous findings showing the critical role of the metacognitive beliefs in shaping the risk for the development of mental health problems.

Biography:

Ron Chandler is a Lecturer in the Department of Psychology and a Research Mentor for College of Design Construction and Planning at University of Florida. He graduated from Stephen F Austin State University in 1979 with a BS in Aquatic Biology, Texas State University in 1984 with an MS in Limnology and Walden University in 2014 with a PhD in Educational Psychology. He is an Editor for Psychology and Psychological Research International Journal. He is also President of Conservation Initiative for the Asian Elephant an NGO/NFP working primarily in India to protect elephants and indigenous people since 2000.

Abstract:

Students receiving a liberal arts education develop the prosocial outcomes of inclination to inquire and lifelong learning, well-being, leadership, intercultural effectiveness, postconventional moral reasoning, and reflective judgment more effectively than career track institution counterparts. Researchers in efficacy of the liberal arts as well as in sustainability education have expressed the need for descriptive theory to guide further research towards understanding of learners’ comprehension experience of these essential outcomes and for developing effective sustainability education. In an effort to describe characteristics most common to the successful sustainability student the presenter found that these characteristics were in essence identical to the prosocial outcomes of liberal arts students. The presenter will explain how through a constructivist grounded theory approach he sought to describe students comprehension experience of sustainability (i.e., prosocial) outcomes. Four central phenomena were synthesized from the data: nature as resolve, fear mastery, paradigm shift, and new normal. These phenomena were used to construct I am the paradigm shift theory which describes students’ comprehension experience of sustainability outcomes. The presenter will explain the importance of I am the paradigm shift theory in three areas. First, it provides additional understanding of perspectives on sustainability outcome comprehension hitherto quantitatively explored. Second, it describes the sequential and reciprocal experience of sustainability outcome comprehension. Third, the theory explains the influence of early efficacy and esteem affirmation, motivation and perseverance in outcome comprehension. The presenter will close with a brief discussion of limitations of the study that will include recommendations for further research.

Biography:

Abstract:

The Odyssey of a patient in the mental health system in Greece, is the case of a 24 year girl she met in Thessaloniki three years ago at OKANA( National organization against drugs) where she was working then as a counselor. The girl came in contact with mental health services due to addiction in drugs in the begging. Comorbidity with psychiatric illness was not diagnosed then even if she had escaped from a psychiatric clinic of Patra’s local hospital. Her father was a Greek man from Patra and her mother from Finland. In the past she had some help from social services, because her mother had some addiction with alcohol and after years when she gave birth to a girl , when she was 19. The father of the baby run away. The incident was managed driven exploitation of family possibilities and resources offered by the environment. The presentation includes a video. There is a conversation between me and a colleague. We are discussing about the girl’s odyssey from Peloponnese to North Greece, the difficulty of the system to act rapidly, the family relationships and the Greek reality of the economical regression. 22 mental health services are involved in this story. The first meeting in OKANA was the cause for this patient to meet her mother again after three years, after she took her two year old grand daughter in Finland, without her permission with the excuse to protect the baby, due to her drug use life style. A 25 years man, drug addicted and member of OKANA open access program, brought the girl to her for the first time. After this very first time meeting she was disappeared till a homeless man that came from Patra in Thessaloniki met the girl in the streets the summer of 2014. He helped her to find food and a bed at homeless center of municipality of Thessaloniki. He brought her to OKANA open access programme again. Now the girl is living in Finland in a open house for mental health patients with schizophrenia in Finland.

Biography:

A Vishal has completed his MD Psychiatry from NTR University of Health Sciences Vijayawada. Now he is working as an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Government Medical College Nizamabad, Telangana, India.

Abstract:

Objectives: To compare the clinical efficacy of the long-acting injectable antipsychotics with the oral antipsychotics in the first episode of schizophrenia. Background: Noncompliance is a major problem for patients with first episode schizophrenia. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI APs) should offer better efficacy and tolerability, compared to oral antipsychotics due to improved adherence and more stable pharmacokinetics. LAI APs have proved effective in first episode schizophrenia because they assure stable blood levels, leading to a reduction of the risk of relapse. Methods: Parameters were assessed at baseline and at three month intervals for two years in patients initiated on long-acting injection (LAI) (n=673) or a new oral antipsychotics (AP) (n=139 on risperidone and olanzapine) in Nizamabad. Hospitalization prior to therapy was assessed by a retrospective chart review. Results: At two years treatment retention and reduction in Clinical Global Impression Severity scores were significantly higher with LAI. Compared to the pre-switch period, LAI Aps patients had greater reductions in the number of hospitalizations at two years than oral AP patients. Conclusions: This study showed that, compared to oral antipsychotics, LAI APs was associated with better treatment retention, greater improvement in clinical symptoms and functioning, and greater reduction in hospital stays and days in hospital in patients with first episode schizophrenia.

Biography:

Mohd M Rahman has completed his graduation from Chittagong Medical College. Thereafter, he passed MSc (DU) from Dept. of Clinical Psychology, MD from Calcutta Medical College. He joined International movement Disorder Society (MDS), Indian Child Neurology Association and Bangladesh Society for Child Neurology Department and Disability (BSCNDD). He has received advanced training in Psychiatry from Chief Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. He is Fellow of the Cent Merry College and Hospital, UK. Presently, he is working as Psychologist North-East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet. He worked in Clinical Psychology Department at Dhaka Community Hospital. He is the Director of Psychiatry Rehabilitation Council (PRC), Member of Bangladesh Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health (BACAMH), Bangladesh Psychological Center (BPS), Bangladesh Clinical Psychology Society (BCPS). He has more than 20 publications in different national and international journals.

Abstract:

Today’s children will drive growth and development in the society tomorrow. Helping these children reach their potential will benefit not only to them, but also all of us. However, mental health problems appearing in childhood or in adolescence, after 13% to 22% of children and adolescents Worldwide and account for a larger portion of global burden of disease. Positive social mental health is associated with a higher likelihood of completing school, positive relations, higher level of self-confidence, higher income potential and increased resilience. Developing countries continue to lag behind in prioritizing and providing children mental health services, despite urgent need. Such services development and delivery is hampered by a lack of government policy, inadequate funding and shortage of trained clinicians. This Presentation will acknowledge significant gap in children’s mental health services in developing countries and will highlight why we need to prioritize them badly. Mental health and welfare strategy will be discussed about how to create a mentally healthy learning environment, reduce stigma, and adopt anti-harassment, anti-bullying policy. Investing in early childhood development programs, mental health provisions in school, and linking with mental health agencies in the community would facilitate good mental health and the wellbeing of children. Improved mental health research and knowledge sharing across the country, and strengthening children’s mental health human resources would be a priority. Collectively, we pay a heavy price when mental disorders are not effectively prevented and treated in childhood. Early intervention and prevention offers the hope to avoid later adult mental health problems and improve personal wellbeing and productivity and investing in children from onset yields excellent returns.

Biography:

Shahrokh Makvnd Hosseini is an expert Psychotherapist and university Associate Professor of Psychology with more than 15 years experience in teaching and psychotherapy of patients. He has several published books and articles in the field of Mental Health and is Head of Psychological Disorders Health Center in Semnan City. He is also Chief Editor of Journal of Clinical Psychology and his previous positions have been: Dean of Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Education and Higher Education Administration, Member of the Board of University, Head of University Counseling Center etc.

Abstract:

Aim: Complementary therapies such as psycho-education has been in the focus of attention in the treatment of bipolar disorder and other chronic mental and medical illnesses. The main goal of the current research was to investigate effectiveness of the individual and family psycho-education of the bipolar one patients beside their typical psychiatric pharmaceutical treatments in the prevention of the likely recurrence of depression and maniac episodes, compared to an isolated psychiatric treatment. Methods: After checking the inclusion –exclusion criteria a total sample of 66 bipolar one disordered patients were selected by purposeful sampling method and divided randomly into three groups (individual psycho-education, family psycho-education and control groups). Depression and maniac symptoms were measured using the HAM-D and the YMRS instruments. Subjects of the all groups were filled two scales in the pretest, posttest and follow up stages. Finding: Data were extracted from scales and analyzed by a GLM: MANCOVA statistical analysis. Significantly differences were found between research groups in depression and mania scores. The depression and mania mean scores of the family psycho-education and individual psycho-education groups were significantly lower than control group in the posttest stage, whereas in the follow up stage the therapeutic effects was only stable in the family psycho-education regarding maniac symptoms. No other significant effect was evident. Results: It could be concluded that an individual psycho- education intervention could reduce the mania and depression symptoms in the BPD one patient under medication in short-term and not in the long-term. In contrast, the family psycho- education could reduce both depressive and maniac symptoms in the short-term and the therapeutic effects was stable in mania symptoms during time. In summary, the complementary family psycho- education can effectively prevent the recurrence of the likely mania episodes of the bipolar one patients under psychiatric treatment and is recommended for them.

Biography:

Małgorzata Dragan is an Associate Professor of Department of Clinical Child and Family Psychology at Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw. She is also Cognitive-Behavioral Therapist and a Board Member of European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.

Abstract:

Gender is a factor that carries profound implications for one’s well-being, being important risk factor for psychopathology. In general, women are more likely to suffer from mood disorders over their lifetime, while men are more likely to develop antisocial behaviors and substance abuse. Contemporary research shows that gender influences the development of abilities to regulate one’s own emotions and affects the extent and the way in which emotions are regulated; and emotion deregulation is considered important risk factor for emotional disorders. It is claimed that on the one hand regulation of the stress response systems might be different in women due to effects of sex steroids such as estrogen, but on the other the sex differences in vulnerability might be also influenced by different gender socialization (as indicated by e.g. greater female sensitivity to psychosocial stressors). In present study the attention was focused on general and specific difficulties in emotion regulation and the risk of various forms of psychopathology in a sample of 512 young women (18-25 years old), as heightened risk of psychopathology is observed particularly in young age. The major aim was to explore possible associations between difficulties in emotion regulation and different forms of psychopathology, i.e. general symptoms of psychopathology, post-traumatic symptoms and problem drinking. Results shows that problems in emotion regulation might constitute common risk factor for different forms of psychopathology in young women, and among them in particular limited access to emotion regulation strategies and impulse control difficulties.

Biography:

Joyceline Ntoh Yuh is a Feminist and Doctoral candidate in the University of Oldenburg, Germany. She holds an MA in Women and Gender Studies from the ISS Erasmus University Netherlands. Her research interest includes HIV/AIDS related issues, Psychology, Gender, Sexual and Reproductive health. Since 2006, she took keen interest in the field of HIV/AIDS where she researched on the impact of HIV on Agriculture affecting mostly women with the UN FAO Gender unit (Italy), mainstreaming HIV policies in UNFFE Uganda, HIV stigma and child bearing in Cameroon and currently facilitates workshops with MA students in the area of Gender, Migration and HIV/AIDS (Health). She is also a Reviewer in the Journal of AIDS Clinical Research & STD (USA) and works as a Volunteer in the AIDS Help NGO (AIDSHilfe), Germany.

Abstract:

Reports from Germany (2012/13) points a 70% increase in heterosexual transmission with about 40-50% from Sub Saharan Africa marking new diagnosis especially in women. HIV-related stigma among African women is rather complex using the intersectionality framework for analysis, which distinguishes the subjective experiences and realities of women's lives, not just as a single category stemming from a gender-based research critique. Meanwhile, HIV-stigma denotes the link between sero-status and negative behaviors toward people who are seropositive. Stigma thus reflects guilt, shame, denial, prejudice, discrediting, discrimination, stereotypes, denial, rejection and self-blame. African women are particularly vulnerable to stigma due to various factors often undermined or neglected. It is imperative to mention that women are generally susceptible to infection due to biological and other socio-cultural reasons, which eventually positions them into a high-risk category. Furthermore, women tend to be negatively perceived when infected and labeled promiscuous for transmitting the virus to their partners, without knowing the transmission dynamic. Stigma further constrains relationships within families and communities. This in the long-term results into secrecy affects infection status disclosure and seeking of the much-needed preventive services. This highlights the link between HIV and mental health because people living with HIV are prone to mental problems compared to others. Thus, their psychological and social wellbeing becomes essential just as their physical health. HIV-related stigma further complicates the overall wellbeing of these women in realizing their potentials in life, which tends to hamper their productivity and sense of purpose. The in-depth study of six women shows the dilemmas and challenges faced by seropositive women in the face of HIV, dealing with anxiety about disclosure, depression, social isolation, stress, fear and rejection. This convenient sample examines how psychological impact continues to affect sero-positive women negatively in living fulfilled lives while impacting on their unfulfilled sexual satisfactions due to continuous use of condoms and other related anxieties. At times, such insecurities become overwhelming, pushing them to neglect their self-esteem as women. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) here aims to gain deeper understanding from participants’ perspectives on how they manage to make opinions and viewpoints of their own experiences, events and social world (Smith et al, 2009). It is then vital to provide lived experiences and interpretations in its own terms than simply attributing to pre-existing theoretical preconceptions by getting details of each case than general claims.

Biography:

Anna Scandinaro is a third year Medical student at Penn State College of Medicine.

Abstract:

Primary care practitioners are often called upon to differentiate normal from abnormal irritability, but little education is provided to prepare them to do so. Assessing the mental health of a child is a challenging task. This study used appreciative inquiry to answer the question, “How do family medicine practitioners assess and treat irritability in school aged children?” To gain an initial perspective on how practitioners in Family Medicine (FM), Pediatrics (PED), and Psychiatry (PSY) evaluate and treat school-aged children, 17 volunteers participated in in-depth interviews. The participants in primary care expressed frustration over the lack of time and specialized knowledge they had to accurately assess children, even though they were often the first clinician consulted when problems arose. There were clear and sometimes contradictory differences between how practitioners with a general vs. specialized practice assessed mental health status in the clinic setting. In addition, input on treatment approaches revealed that medication prescription was more common in primary care and therapy preferred by the PSY participants. School referrals were common pathways to the FM and PED clinic, where practitioners often focused on assessing functional status to assess normal vs. abnormal irritability. Based on the initial assessment, FM and PED participants often referred the child to more specialized treatment, particularly when complex medication prescription was involved. They were also significantly less confident of their ability to evaluate mental health status, while child and adolescent psychiatry participants were supportive of having more initial triage and possible treatment occur at the primary care level.

Biography:

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the association between the use of nitric oxide in the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and the level of aggression in children with acyanotic congenital heart diseases and especially to evaluate the development rates of aggressive behaviors in ICU setting in patients with borderline PAH after correction of congenital heart surgery. Methods: The study was performed with data of 327 patients with acyanotic congenital heart diseases and underwent open heart surgery between January1984-February1995. The design of the study was retrospective and observational. All the patients in this case were given nitric oxide in a controlled manner. The patients were observed before surgery to have aggressive behavior. All patients were evaluated with observational methods. They were classified according to the mean pulmonary artery pressure and level of the surgery. Chi-square, ANOVA tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The patients were analyzed before coming to ICU before the surgery by observational method. The patients were observed in the field of nitric oxide was detected in 94.8% of patients with PAH and 17.2% of no PAH patients after giving them nitric oxide A negative association was detected between mean pulmonary arterial pressure and body weight for age and z scores of weight (p<0.001 for all). Z scores of weight and height were significantly decreased in patients with PAH in contrast to no PAH group (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively). There was no statistical difference between no PAH and borderline PAH groups according to this study and relative body weight formula, however z scores of weight in borderline PAH group were decreased compared with no PAH group (p<0.001). The use of nitric oxide in ICU setting finds an important role. The use of nitric oxide showed that the aggression level after the surgery was less as compared before the surgery. Conclusion: A positive association was detected between the use of nitric oxide in ICU setting and the degrees of PAH and level pulmonary hypertension in children with a cyanotic congenital heart disease with open heart surgery. There should be more study in this field and the proper experimental study should be done to further evaluate this study.

Biography:

Alexandrino-Silva Clóvis Junior is Graduate in Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of Fundação do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil (2003), and underwent Medical Residency in Psychiatry at the same institution. He got his Doctorate degree from the Department of Psychiatry at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (2012). Currently, he is a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Old Age Research Group (PROTER) from the Department of Psychiatry at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo. He was also Coordinator of the Psychiatric Emergencies Service of the Santo André Hospital Center, Research Doctor and Collaborator of the Disciplines of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology at the Faculty of Medicine of Fundação do ABC and Medical Researcher at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo. He holds a specialist title in Psychiatry and professional competence certificate in psychogeriatric obtained from the Brazilian Association of Psychiatry.

Abstract:

Objective: To examine the prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D≥13) and their correlates in an elderly population-based study in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A random sample of 2,673 subjects aged 60 years or more were interviewed, and 2,501 individuals were eligible for the analysis of the frequency of depressive symptoms. The results were presented as absolute and relative frequencies. The odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals values were obtained using univariate logistic regression. Results: We observed a prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms in 42.98% of the sample (95% CI=41.05-44.93). The main correlates of clinically significant depressive symptoms were: being female (OR 2.087, CI 1.76-2.47); belonging to the oldest age group (≥80 years) [OR 1.333, CI 1.01-1.74]; being divorced/single (OR 1.607, CI 1.3-1.97) or widowed (OR 1.465, CI=1.21-1.77); and family history of depression (OR 1.82, CI 1.42-2.32). Stroke was the clinical comorbidity that presented the highest odds (OR 2.554, CI 1.9-3.43) for the development of clinically significant depressive symptoms, although other cerebrovascular diseases were also associated with the development of depression. Clinically significant anxiety symptoms (GAI≥13) increased the odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms by almost twenty-fold (OR 19.544, CI 14.75-25.9). Dissatisfaction with the appearance of teeth also associated with clinically significant depressive symptoms (OR 2.147, CI 1.78-2.58). Interestingly, current alcohol consumption was associated with a lower chance of presenting clinically significant depressive symptoms (OR 0.745, CI 0.63-0.87), and this association was maintained for subjects who consumed more than 2 drinks per day (OR 0.484, CI 0.33 -0.7) or more than five drinks per occasion (OR 0.491, CI 0.31-0.77). The elderly who did not practice physical activity were more likely to present clinically significant depressive symptoms (OR 1.663, CI 1.36-2.03), and the higher the weekly frequency of hours practiced, the lower was the chance of presenting depressive symptoms (2-5 hours/week: OR 0.591, CI 0.44-0.79; 6-7 hours/week: OR 0.51, CI 0.31-0.83; and 8 hours or more/week: OR 0.411, CI 0.24-0.7). Conclusions: Sociodemographic characteristics, family history of depression and cerebrovascular diseases were associated with greater odds of presenting clinically significant depressive symptoms. The inverse relationship between alcohol consumption and the presentation of depressive symptoms needs to be better investigated. Physical activity seems to play an important role in preventing depression in the elderly.

Biography:

Mili Kakadia has been a student of Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, India from August 2011 and graduated in MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine; Bachelor of Surgery) in March 2017. She is now preparing for USMLE step 2 to pursue residency in USA.

Abstract:

Tobacco consumption has been an addiction in India since time immemorial. Bhavnagar is a city with tobacco chewing rates higher than most cities in India. Considering the enormous health complications associated with tobacco use, it is of utmost importance to understand the factors leading to its use and to plan strategies to reduce its intake. Report of this study reviews the tobacco chewing practice in different age groups, reason of starting, any awareness about its health related adverse consequences, any attempt of quitting, total monthly expenditure on tobacco etc. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Vadva, an urban slum settlement in Bhavnagar city (Gujarat, India). The area represents the low socio-economic group and inhabits diverse ethnicities. The information was collected on a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire determining the frequency of use, knowledge and attitude regarding chewing tobacco. Among the population studied, out of 150 respondents, 108 respondents (72%) were chewing tobacco in some form. Tobacco use in urban slums of Bhavnagar city is almost thrice than the rest of India (25.9%) but higher among lower social economic group. The fact that women are also chewing tobacco is a matter of concern. More than three-fourth of the tobacco chewers started chewing due to peer pressure. More than 95% of the tobacco chewers were aware of the harmful effects due to tobacco chewing. About three-fourth of the tobacco chewers continue to chew tobacco as they are now addicted to it. More than 43% of the tobacco chewers agreed that this habit of theirs puts an economic burden on them pulling them below poverty line. Tobacco control therefore should be a top priority amongst the substance abuses in Bhavnagar.

Biography:

Meng Zi Jie Aaron is a graduate of Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine from the National University of Singapore. He is currently a Senior Resident of the local Psychiatry Residency Programme and is in his final year of training at Ng Teng Fong General Hospital. He has undergone rotations in most fields of Psychiatry, including Adult General Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychogeriatric, Addiction Medicine, Consultation and Liason Psychiatry and Forensic Psychiatry.

Abstract:

Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is an interesting psychiatric condition which is characterised by a preoccupation that one emits body odour, which is not perceived by others. While anecdotally described as a discrete condition, its phenomenological overlap between anxiety and psychotic disorders poses a challenge in diagnostic classification. We present a case of a 19 year old Chinese Male who was referred through his gastroenterologist for having a fixed persistent belief of having an offensive body odour, which seemingly worsened after his mother had passed away. He was found to have significant anxiety and coped with safety behaviours which had become maladaptive with time. His excessive worries were also associated with psychotic symptoms of referential delusions and olfactory hallucinations related to flatulence. As in our case, the clinical picture of ORS may cross both anxiety and psychotic symptoms and warrants further review in the latest diagnostic classification manual.

Biography:

Ali Mahmood Khan has completed his Medical School from Ziauddin University in Pakistan. After completing his degree, he came to USA and cleared all his USMLE exams, along with working as an extern at different prestigious hospitals in New York. In 2018, he matched for residency in Psychiatry at University of Texas (Rio Grande Valley). He has over 14 months of clinical experience in Psychiatry and has managed to publish 17 articles in this field. Currently, he continues to work as a Research Intern at Kings County Hospital Center.

Abstract:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common behavioral disorder among adolescents and children. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the first pharmacological choice for this condition due to mild adverse effect profile. This systematic review was performed to evaluate the efficacy of SSRI for OCD in adolescents and children. Search terms were entered into PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar. The included studies were randomized, placebo-controlled trials of SSRIs conducted in populations of children and adolescents younger than 18 years. Change from baseline CY-BOCS, end-treatment CY-BOCS with respective SD and response and remission rates were collected for continuous and dichotomous outcome assessment, respectively. Cochrane RevMan software was used for meta-analyses, providing Forest plots where applicable. SSRIs were superior to placebo with a small effect size. There was no additional benefit of combination treatment over CBT alone, but CBT added substantial benefit to SSRI monotherapy. Fluoxetine and Sertraline appear to be superior to Fluvoxamine. The results of current systematic review and meta-analysis support the existing NICE guidelines for choosing CBT as the first line of treatment and substituting it with SSRI depending on patient preference. Adding CBT to current SSRI treatment is effective for non-responders and partial responders, but adding SSRI to ongoing CBT does not prove beneficial. The SSRIs have different effectiveness and their relative efficacy remains to be investigated.

Biography:

Despoina Drivakou is a Psychologist, trained in Systemic Approach Psychotherapy. She earned her MSc from the Medical School of Thessaloniki in Epidemiology and Public Health and continued her studies as a PhD candidate in Psychology of Health. She is a Psychologist and has private practice in Thessaloniki, working with couples, families and individuals. She is an academic staff member of QMU- Department in Thessaloniki and is Instructor of “Health and Welfare” and “Public Health Practices”. She treats people with dementia in a care home for elderly people. The areas of trauma, PTSD, ADHD and quality of life for elderly people are her scientific and clinical interests. She is a member of the Systemic Company of Northern Greece and ELPSE. She is the Founder and President of the NGO EP7A that aims to provide awareness on health education to people.

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of 25(OH) D levels with anxiety and depression symptoms in elderly individuals. Depression and anxiety are common in elderly individuals. Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is common in the elderly. However, a limited number of studies has analysed the association between vitamin D levels and anxiety/depression prevalence in elderly population. Methods: Data were collected from 130 elderly individuals (N=130, 60-98 years) attending the Κ.Α.P.I of East Prefecture of Thessaloniki, from October 2015 to November 2017. Blood samples were collected during the winter periods and vitamin D levels were measured. The psychological state of the participants was assessed with the STAI, which comprises two scales: S-Anxiety and T-Anxiety. Furthermore, symptoms of depression were assessed with the CES-D scale, a useful tool for detection of this clinical entity independent of the psychological wellness. The indicated value index for the presence of depression in Greek population is greater than 9.03. The statistical data processing was carried out using the SPSS. Results: Data from 130 individuals were analysed. They were classified as vitamin D sufficient (25(OH) D >30 ng/ml), insufficient (25(OH) D: 21-29 ng/ml), deficient (25(OH) D < 20 ng/ml) and severely deficient (25(OH) D <10 ng/ml). 67.7% of the participants (n=88) were either insufficient or deficient and 5.4% of the participants (n=7) were found to suffer from severe vitamin D deficiency. 80% (n=71 of participants) of the insufficient/deficient cohort were suffering from anxiety or depression while either anxiety or depression symptoms was present in half of the participants that were vitamin D sufficient. All individuals (n=7) that suffered from both anxiety and depression were vitamin D severely deficient. Conclusions: Both anxiety and depression are common in elderly individuals. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency may be an additional factor that promotes these conditions.

Biography:

Esheref Haxhiu is a PhD candidate in Psychology at The University of Warsaw, Poland. He has completed his Master’s in Counseling Psychology at Sheffield University. He has completed his Bachelor’s at The University of Pristina. Previously, he has worked as a high school Teacher of Psychology in Kosovo.

Abstract:

Background & Aim: The Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report scale, designed to assess multiple aspects of emotional dysregulation. These aspects include: an acceptance of emotional responses, difficulties engaging in goals-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and the lack of emotional clarity. The DERS is a new and promising scale, and the previous findings suggest that it has good psychometric properties. The purpose of the present study is to make the Albanian population adapt the DERS scale. Methods: Two independent professional translators have translated the scale from the English version into Albanian, and then the back translation was done from another third translator. After completing the translation process, a sample of 340 high school students (n=340), age 18-19, fulfilled the questionnaire twice in a two-week period. Results: The results reveal that the Albanian version of DERS has good psychometric properties. The internal consistency of the scale in both study phases was shown to be high (α ≥0.85), as well the test-retest reliability (r=0.85). Conclusions: The Albanian version of DERS is a reliable scale for measuring the difficulties in emotional regulation for the respective population.